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[Music]
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hi I'm and some of you may know me as an
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of all trades and I have my own YouTube
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channel and Instagram account that
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focuses on a lot of antiquated
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traditions hand tool woodworking
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blacksmithing homesteading skills and a
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whole lot more today I'm going to talk
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to you about my very favorite tool the
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low angle Jack plane I'm going to go
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through how to set it up how to sharpen
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it how to use it properly and talk about
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all the various jobs that it can perform
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so how can this tool actually be a jack
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of all trades where it's a scrub plane
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and a finishing plane the simple answer
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to that is that you just have two
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different blades and for me having two
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different blades for this one tool has
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made it universally useful now let's
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take a second to talk about what it is
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that sets the number 62 low angle Jack
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plane apart from these other tools and
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also how it can emulate those tools the
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first thing is that this tool just has a
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whole lot less parts than these tools do
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if there's one thing that I'd like to
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emphasize with young or inexperienced
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woodworkers it's the importance of
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having the ability to is eliminate as
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many of the variables in your work as
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possible so if something is going wrong
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you can easily hone in and isolate what
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it is that's going wrong and fix it one
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of the simplest differences between this
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tool and this tool is the number of
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moving parts this tool has a frog it is
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possible that it could be cocked
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laterally which would cause you all
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kinds of problems you could be having
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problems with your lateral adjustment
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you could have problems with your back
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and forth adjustment there your blade
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could be too thin your chip breaker
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could be crooked or set improperly your
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lever cap could be set too tightly or
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too loosely there are so many things
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that could go wrong with this tool plus
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the very fact that there are so many
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moving parts in this tool causes you
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issues if you are young and
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inexperienced and you're kind of have a
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tendency to knock the tool a lot around
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a lot and it's used if you just bump the
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tool or you set it down too hard or you
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RAM in too
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cut over here you're actually going to
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change the setting of the tool so you
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could have spent 20 minutes setting this
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up so it would cut the most perfect
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gossamer shaving but then if you set it
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down too hard one way or another you
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would have completely messed up that
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setting the cool thing about this tool
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is that it has very few moving parts
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once you have the blade in the tool its
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bedded directly down to it and without
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an extreme bump or drop that blade is
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going nowhere so you can get your plane
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set up properly if you have a misfire
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here or there you can still be pretty
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much assured that you're going to be
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making the same cut 15 minutes from
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setting the plane up that you were when
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you first set it up the other thing that
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sets this tool apart from these older
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tools is that these tools have the blade
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bedded on a frog at 45 degrees with the
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bevel of the blade pointing down because
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of that there is a straight edge being
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presented to the work when you're using
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the plan to cut the only way that you
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can change the angle at which it cuts is
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by physically raising or lowering the
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blade to do that you would have to have
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a different frog to physically raise or
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physically lower that blade in a bevel
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up tool the bevel is what is being
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presented to the work so if you want to
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change the angle at which your blade is
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cutting your work then you can just
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sharpen a different angle into the blade
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but the last difference between these
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tools is the ability to open and close
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the mouth on these traditional style
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planes with the Frog the way that you
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open and close the mouth is by loosening
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these two screws and then tightening the
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screws down at the at the back of the
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Frog to move it forward or backward now
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that's a bunch of extra tools that you
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have to get out and a bunch of extra
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steps to be able to do a operation that
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if you only have one tool is going to be
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extremely cumbersome as you move through
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the different planning exercises whereas
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with a low-angle jack plane you can
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simply twist the handle open shut open
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shut change the adjustment of or change
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the depth of your cut and you're good to
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go
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and the final thing that makes this a
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jack-of-all-trades is the size of the
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tool this is incidentally the same size
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as a jack plane in the traditional style
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and you'll notice that it's kind of the
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middle size between the smoothing plane
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and the jointer plane so if you have a
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very short plane bed for example like in
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this tiny little cutie there's only this
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much material keeping your chisel away
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from the cut so it goes it stands to
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reason that this is going to be a
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fantastic tool to get into those little
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tough spots that you really can't get
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into any other way now if you're using a
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huge long plane like the jointer plane
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then you have this much material keeping
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your your chisel away from the cut so
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where this tool really shines is the is
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its length you're using this tool to
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joint your wood to make it straight
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along its length and so it stands to
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reason that you would have a long
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registering surface here and a long
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registering surface here but that long
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body is also going to disallow the blade
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or the chisel and the jig from following
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the hills and valleys of your work so
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when you're trying to make a perfectly
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square surface this is the tool that you
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go for but when you're trying to get a
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very smooth surface that just is nice
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along its whole length but squareness
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doesn't matter that's when you want
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these really really short
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plenty buddies I mean that's why a
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smoothing plane is so much shorter than
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a jointer plane so where's the happy
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medium here we are in the jack plane so
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this tool gives you enough length that
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you can really trust it to be able to
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square up your wood nicely but it also
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has a little bit of a shorter body so
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that you can actually trust it too to be
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able to follow those hills and valleys
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when it comes to the finished planing of
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your wood to leave a very nice beautiful
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surface as well and the fact that this
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one tool can either augment or replace
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all of these other tools as well here's
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what a typical piece looks like when it
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comes into my shop and so I'll kind of
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just give you a little example of what
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the scrub plane is going
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it's going to remove a China material in
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our tree but it's also going to leave a
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really scoop surface and I'm gonna have
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to be really careful that I don't plane
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away too much from a certain area if I
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wanted to remove a ton of material in a
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hurry with the jack plane I have two
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options at this point I have the option
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of just opening up my mouth and seeing
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how the planes cutting with just its
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regular blade because here's the crazy
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thing about the low angle Jack plane is
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that I've found that with a nice sharp
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blade you can pretty much cut any
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surface very well with this tool there
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are only a few times when I need to
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actually go ahead and change my blade so
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at this point I would yeah be pretty
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tempted to just open the mouth in my
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plane wide up loosen my lever cap just
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ever so slightly and take a more
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aggressive cut with the tool and if I'm
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not experiencing a whole lot of tear out
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all the better I can just remove a bunch
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of this material in a hurry and now as
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the grains getting revealed I'm also
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realizing that I may need to turn the
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piece of wood around now if I'm taking
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big little shavings like that I'm gonna
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need a little bit of lubrication on the
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bottom line plane so I'm gonna grab some
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beeswax or some mutton tallow and just
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use those to lubricate the bonnet for my
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plane so it looks like the wood back
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better and here we're getting a an
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actually spinach ready surface just from
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that nice sharp blade even though we
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have a wide open mouth there and now
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let's just take a look at what the tooth
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blade would do one of the coolest things
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about these low angle Jack plans both
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the Lee Nelson Anna Lee Valley Fair toss
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versions have what's called a tooth
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blade and what this is going to do is
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it's going to basically act like that's
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like that scooped feature of the scrub
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plane by taking little cuts all at once
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but the coolest thing is that because
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it's to store serrated in that way
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those little cuts don't continue to
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scoop if there is if it gets caught on
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some curl or some tricky brain and so
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what you end up doing is making a grated
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looking surface but it's going to be a
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surface that's completely flat and then
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it only takes a few strokes of a regular
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plane blade to clean that up the other
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really cool thing about the tooth blade
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is that you sharpen it just like a
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regular clean blade and tons of people
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really struggle getting the camber
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ground and sharpened correctly on a
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scrub plane but a touch sharpening job
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is never a reason not to use a certain
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tool so once we removed all that
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material it takes just about it just
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takes a few strokes with your other
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straight blades to get it back to a
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surface that's completely finished ready
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and I'll just take a little minute here
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to talk about proper planning technique
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you'll notice that this bench is very
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low this is actually a hand planing
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bench it's set up for me to prepare
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material and it allows me to be above
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the workpiece with the ability to use
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gravity to my advantage when I'm hand
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planning wood as opposed to being up
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here and being forced to use all of my
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upper arm strength so here hand planning
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is a core exercise I am actively
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engaging my core I'm trying to use my
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entire body to move the plane as opposed
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to just pushing it with my arms like
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this I have my dominant foot forward my
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dominant hand forward and I'm yes in
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guiding and pushing the plane here but
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your pressure needs to be here and so
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you'll notice that with every plane
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stroke I am bringing the blade fully off
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the workpiece and registering here
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before I even begin my stroke that
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ensures that I'm not you know going like
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this and just being all crazy with my
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hands
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and strokes which is going to leave an
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uneven and out of true surface
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Stanley actually made a low-angle Jack
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plane and number 62 in the Stanley
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numbering system and the concept was
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good but the execution was actually
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pretty poor the castings were too thin
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the blade was too thin the machining
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wasn't great so it didn't quite work the
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way that it was supposed to be it was
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what I would like to call a tool shaped
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object and the stanley number 62 is a
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collectible item today because they're
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fairly rare why are they rare because I
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didn't quite work the way that they were
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supposed to be and so they didn't make
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very many of them now well a lot of
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vintage tools are going to be
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significantly more affordable than their
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newer options and you can tune them up
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and make them work great as they are I
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really suggest that if you're going to
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get a low-angle Jack plane that you
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invest in a good quality one and you buy
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a new plane my two favorites are the Lea
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Neilson and the Lee Valley Veritas and
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there are other companies that are
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making them but they require a little
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00:12:15,290 --> 00:12:17,360
bit more work out of the box and what
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00:12:17,360 --> 00:12:19,189
you're paying for when you buy a
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00:12:19,189 --> 00:12:21,470
higher-end tool is that some of that
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work has already been done for you if
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you're buying a new plane and this is in
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fact your first plane it's really really
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helpful to start with what I would call
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a gold standard tool from the get-go so
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that you know and understand how a tool
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is supposed to work
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and I actually got my start in this
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whole woodworking industry restoring
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antique tools for folks and it wasn't
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really until I had purchased my first
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00:12:47,259 --> 00:12:50,990
benchmark tool that I really understood
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how these older tools were supposed to
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work and so if there's one area that you
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00:12:55,519 --> 00:12:56,810
really should spend some money and
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00:12:56,810 --> 00:12:59,060
invest I would definitely say that it
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00:12:59,060 --> 00:13:00,350
would be a great investment to buy a
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00:13:00,350 --> 00:13:02,959
low-angle Jack plane so why do I keep
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calling it a low-angle Jack plane who's
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Jack well it's a jack of all trades and
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generally speaking I am NOT a big fan of
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tools that do every job this stanley
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number 55 is an example is a total joke
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but this tool actually is a
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jack-of-all-trades and really
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does a good job at what it's supposed to
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00:13:22,410 --> 00:13:24,240
do and so we're going to explore that
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more in this video there's a couple
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things that need to happen to get this
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ready to use and one of those is closing
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up the mouth and that's the mouth of the
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plane that's the opening here between
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the bottom of the plane soul and the
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front of the plane soul and where the
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00:13:42,300 --> 00:13:44,280
blade projects at the front you want
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just a slightly larger mouth opening
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than the shaving that you intend to take
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and this is probably one of the single
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most awesome features about this tool is
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that the mouth opens and closes with the
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simple turn of the knob the mechanism
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works a little bit differently on both
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00:14:01,530 --> 00:14:03,210
of these tools the Lee Nelson has a
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little lever adjuster and the Lee Valley
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has this little screw that you can put
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in and out based on how far you want
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that mouth to like basically a stop and
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so I'm going to close this mouth up ever
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so slightly so why do we want to be able
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to change the opening of the mouth a
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00:14:21,890 --> 00:14:25,110
hands land body is basically just a jig
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that holds a chisel it's what's making
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sure that the chips are stopped ahead of
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the cut and so on and so forth so
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without the mouth of the plane to stop
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it this chisel is going to as we push
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this chisel across the wood it's just
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00:14:38,040 --> 00:14:40,470
gonna want to continue to dig further
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and further into the wood because you
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know there's nothing stopping it from
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not doing that and so the mouth of the
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00:14:47,700 --> 00:14:50,940
plane basically keeps it so that those
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00:14:50,940 --> 00:14:53,580
chips don't continue to get deeper and
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00:14:53,580 --> 00:14:55,830
deeper ahead of the cut and then the
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00:14:55,830 --> 00:14:58,170
body of the plane basically keeps this
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00:14:58,170 --> 00:15:00,630
so that it's cutting at exactly the same
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depth along the entire cut which is
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00:15:03,510 --> 00:15:05,310
obviously impossible to do with just
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00:15:05,310 --> 00:15:07,860
without a plane body to hold it so once
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00:15:07,860 --> 00:15:09,630
we have the mouth of the tool set
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properly we need to set the blade as
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well so what I like to do is I like to
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put the blade forward until I can see it
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00:15:16,470 --> 00:15:18,450
looking down the tool and then I want to
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00:15:18,450 --> 00:15:20,520
retract it until it just disappears
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00:15:20,520 --> 00:15:22,080
throughout this process I'm going to
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00:15:22,080 --> 00:15:24,570
continue to inch the blade forward as I
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00:15:24,570 --> 00:15:27,390
use a scrap piece of wood to test and
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00:15:27,390 --> 00:15:30,540
see how far it's projecting so once I've
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00:15:30,540 --> 00:15:33,200
got the blade position all sorted I want
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to tighten the lever cap not to a
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Herculean amount but you don't want that
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thing to scoot around when we're using
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the tool and this is also a great
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opportunity to just double check your
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mouth opening and to scooch it back ever
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00:15:47,150 --> 00:15:49,100
so slightly if it needs to be squashed
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that looks about good now let's take the
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tool to somewhat here we are getting
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really nice shaping a nice sharp blade
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00:15:59,660 --> 00:16:02,810
and nicely setup tool is going to give
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00:16:02,810 --> 00:16:13,819
you a whole lot of success
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00:16:13,829 --> 00:16:17,079
and even on that really curly walnut we
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get a fantastic finish ready surface
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from the plane set up this way I
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00:16:21,670 --> 00:16:23,800
mentioned earlier in the video that my
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00:16:23,800 --> 00:16:26,350
favorite of the newer low-angle Jack
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00:16:26,350 --> 00:16:28,029
planes are the Lee Valley Veritas
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00:16:28,029 --> 00:16:30,220
version and the Lee Nielson version so
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00:16:30,220 --> 00:16:31,629
what are the differences between the two
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00:16:31,629 --> 00:16:34,870
here they are the Lee Valley Veritas
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00:16:34,870 --> 00:16:36,579
obviously looks a little bit different
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00:16:36,579 --> 00:16:39,309
Lee Valley tools are a lot more sleek
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00:16:39,309 --> 00:16:41,680
and modern looking whereas Lee Nielson
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00:16:41,680 --> 00:16:45,339
tools are designed to be replicas of
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their older historical versions the Lee
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00:16:49,689 --> 00:16:52,240
Valley Veritas version is significantly
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heavier than the number 62 and so in my
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00:16:55,959 --> 00:16:58,029
own shop this is the one that I end up
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00:16:58,029 --> 00:17:00,279
gravitating towards a lot more if we're
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00:17:00,279 --> 00:17:03,189
talking about an eight-hour day where I
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00:17:03,189 --> 00:17:05,260
am using this tool for the majority of
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00:17:05,260 --> 00:17:07,360
that eight-hour day preparing stock or
405
00:17:07,360 --> 00:17:10,449
planing stuff that weight difference
406
00:17:10,449 --> 00:17:13,449
becomes a whole lot more noticeable that
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00:17:13,449 --> 00:17:16,569
said that a ton of people prefer more
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00:17:16,569 --> 00:17:18,309
weight in their hand tools and I think
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00:17:18,309 --> 00:17:20,649
that that's why Lee Valley went with a
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00:17:20,649 --> 00:17:22,689
heavier model is that if you really are
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00:17:22,689 --> 00:17:24,250
using this for the majority of your
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00:17:24,250 --> 00:17:27,399
planning purposes then that extra weight
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00:17:27,399 --> 00:17:30,130
that extra gravity pulling your your
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00:17:30,130 --> 00:17:32,860
blade down into your work is going to be
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00:17:32,860 --> 00:17:34,659
a huge benefit and for someone who
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00:17:34,659 --> 00:17:36,760
doesn't have a smaller frame as I do I
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00:17:36,760 --> 00:17:38,860
can a hundred percent see that being the
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00:17:38,860 --> 00:17:40,539
benefit the other major difference
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00:17:40,539 --> 00:17:44,890
actually is the tote size and the the
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00:17:44,890 --> 00:17:47,679
grip size once again I have very very
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00:17:47,679 --> 00:17:49,480
small hands so I tend to gravitate
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00:17:49,480 --> 00:17:51,520
towards tools that more comfortably fit
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00:17:51,520 --> 00:17:53,710
my hands but that's just my personal
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00:17:53,710 --> 00:17:54,250
opinion
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00:17:54,250 --> 00:17:56,799
and these are both fantastic tools and
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00:17:56,799 --> 00:18:00,000
an excellent value should you choose to
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00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:03,309
not like using a low angle Jack plane
428
00:18:03,309 --> 00:18:04,899
both of them are going to hold their
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00:18:04,899 --> 00:18:07,090
value incredibly well and you can resell
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00:18:07,090 --> 00:18:09,370
them on Craigslist or on eBay but as
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00:18:09,370 --> 00:18:11,710
much as I love cutting straight brain
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00:18:11,710 --> 00:18:12,840
cherry
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00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:16,950
the real test of whether a plane can
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00:18:16,950 --> 00:18:19,379
actually do every planning job or not is
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00:18:19,379 --> 00:18:24,389
on some extremely curly violin back
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maple thank you so much for taking the
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00:18:36,179 --> 00:18:38,309
time to watch this video if you have any
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00:18:38,309 --> 00:18:40,200
other questions about the low angle Jack
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00:18:40,200 --> 00:18:42,570
plane or hand tools in general please
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00:18:42,570 --> 00:18:44,639
feel free to head over to my channel and
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00:18:44,639 --> 00:18:47,020
of all trades
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[Music]
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